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E. B. JACKSON.

y SHIELD POR CULTIVATORS. r No. 308,166.' Patented Nov. 18, 1884.

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EDGAR B. JACKSON, OF DELAVARE, OHIO.

SHIELD FOR CULTIVATORS.

SPECEFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 308,166, dated November 18, 1884.

Application filed March 12, 18S-i. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, EDGAR B. Jackson, of Delaware, in the county of Delaware and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Shields for Cultivators; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the let-ters of reference 1o marked thereon, which form part of this speciiication.

My invention relates to improvements in shields for cultivators; and the objects thereof are, iirst, to obviate the obstruction by clods, sods, stones, &c., to the operation of the plow; second, to prevent the shovel from lifting out or covering up the plant while working deeply and close to the row; and, third, to attain these ends with simplicity of construc- Qo tion. I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is an elevation of a double-shovel plow operatively, showing my improvements 2 5 in position. Fig. 2is a vertical section through the axis of the shield when in position. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the lianged shield. Fig. 4L is a vertical section through the axis of the shield, taken at right angles to Fig. 2. Fig.

3o 5is a horizontal section through the end of the arm by which the shield is suspended from the sheth; and Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the spring-box and angle-arm.

Similar letters indicate corresponding parts 3 5 in all the views.

A is the elevis attached to the beam B by bolt O', and pivoted at O to follow the horizontal chan ges of the shaft or pole. The beam bifurcates to carry two shovels, M'N, bolted,

4o respectively, to the curved extensions M N.

B' B" are the sheths to which the shieldwheel O is bolted. E represents an iron plate resting on the sheths, to which the angleiron XV, bolted to the box Y, is fastened by bolt D. F F' are the handles or stilts, curved at H I-I and braced by a cross-bar, G. The handles are bolted to the beams and are capable of movement horizontally by means of slotted 5o bars I I', in which the bolts K K operate.

L is a bolt by which the bar I is joined to the beam, and a similar bolt (not shown) performs a similar function for the bar I'.

O is the shield-wheel. Itis conicalin form, so that one part of its surface is parallel with the row, while the other is at an angle to it. Radial l lianges P P', starting at different distances from the center, terminate in a common circle concentric with and beyond the circumference of the wheel. Their purpose is to keep clods, sods, stones, &c., from lodging on the wheel. No special care inlaying these out is needed. The hub O forms an angle of about twenty degrees with the surface of the wheel O, and the inner surface is struck up to form a bed, U, within the hub O forthe accommodation, respectively, of a shaftbolt, X, and adisk, S, which forms with a parallel disk, S', the means of shifting/the arm R in a horizontal plane, and hence of altering the inclination of the surface of the wheel to the row.

R is a tapering arm inwardly terminating in diamond-shaped disks R'R', which encircle the axis X and admit by their construction of a limited oscillation of the arm with respect to the shield, thus regulating the angle of the shield to the row. Outwardly the arm is bolted -mediately to an angle-iron, W, whose arm parallel to the plateE is fastened thereto by the bolt D.

Between the upper end of vthe arm R and the iron NV is held, by the same bolt T', aspringbox, Y, whose spring Y', abutting at one end against a lug, Z, on the arm It, movable in a recess, Z', in the box, serves, by contractile force, to maintain the equipoise and depth of the wheel. The box Y has a segmental slotted flange, Y", projecting from its outer surface, which serves to vary the relation of arm and shield to the sheth and draft by shifting the bolts T T' in the slots.

S S' are counterpart `disks on the axis X, whose transverse grooves permit the reciprocation of the arm R by means of the rounded disks B It'. A nut, S", contines the headed axle X in position.

T T are headed bolts securing the arm" Il. and box Y to the angle-iron IV.

U is a bed within the hub of the shield, in which the washer X' and the squared end of the disk S are accommodated.

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Y is a bolt connecting the handle F to the l box whose contained spring overcomes all beam B", and a corresponding bolt performs a similar function in the same relative location for the handle F'.

YV is an angleiron whose short arm is disposed parallel to the plate E and bolted thereto. The long arm is slotted to secure horizontal changes of the arm R by shift-ing the bolts T T' therein.

The purpose of the invention is to afford protection tothe hill or plant in cultivating corn, cotton, tobacco, &c. The shieldwheel can be placedwith the front side from the hub to the forward edge parallel with the row, thus throwing the rear part at an angle from the row, thereby keeping` the earth from covering the plant or obliterating the mark of the planter, if he desire to cultivate directly after planting. After the crop is sufficiently 2o advanced to admit of throwing a little earth around the stalks, the wheel should be placed with the face of the hub about parallel with the row and in advance of the shovel, as shown in Fig. l. If the plants are of a bushy naturesuch as potatoes, corn, or cotton-the wheel should be placed, whenthese are advanced enough to permit some hilling up, about parallel wit-h the row, throwing the forward edge outwardly at an angle that will force rthe leaves 3o or foliage of the plant on its smooth surface, gradually pressing them into the row as the wheel passes, allowing the'shovel to run as close to the row as desired.

The dimensions of the shield-wheel and the number, shape, and disposition ofthe flanges may be varied with the character of the crop being cultivated. The flanges are placed on lthe wheel to keep clods, sods, stones, &c., from lodging thereon, and so long as this end is 4o effectively attained their form, size, and arrangement are immaterial.

The advantage incident to the use of the shield herein described is that while one surface is parallel to the row the other is at an angle thereto, and conversely, so that simultaneously two different and desirable effects are exerted upon the soil and plants by the same wheel and power. The wheel is mainn tained in the row by the force of the spring Y'. 5o Having thus fully described my invention,

what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. In enltivators, a conical shield-wheel having unequal radial flanges starting at different circles within the circumference and terminating in a common circle beyond the same.

2. In cultivators, a conical shield-wheel having unequal radial flanges starting at different circles within the circumference and terminating in a common circle beyond the same, in combination with an arm capable of altering its inclination to the surface of the wheel.

3. In eultivators, the conical shield-wheel and an arm capable of altering the inclination to its surface, in combination with a springtendency of the wheel to leave the row.

LLL. In cultivators, thc,.conical shield-wheel, 7o an arm capable of altering the inclination to its surface, and a spring-box the retractile force of whose contained spring is exerted to maintain the wheel in the row, in combination with devices for effecting respectively the horizontal and vertical adjustment of the arm.

5. In cultivators, the shield-wheel 0, perforated at U, in combination with arm R, having rounded terminal disks It' R', encircling the axis, disks S S', nut S", washer X', and 8o headed spindle or axle X.

6. In cultivators, the angle-iron XV, perforated for the insertion of bolt D, and slotted to permit horizontal variation of the arm R by nuts and bolts T T', in combination with said 8 5 arm, and a box, Y, the inner end of whose con tained spring Y' abuts against the lug Z on said arm, movable in recess Z in the box, whereby the contractile force ofthe spring is exerted to restore and maintain the shield- 9c wheel to a proper depth in the row.

7. In cultivators, the shield-wheel O, perforated at U, arm It, having a lug, Z, and rounded terminal disks R R', encircling the axis, disks S'S, nut S", washer X', and headed 9 5 spindle or axle X, in combination with the angleiron XV, perforated for the insertion of bolt I), and slotted to permit horizontal Variation of the, arm It by bolts T T', and box Y, the inner end of whose contained spring :oo

Y' abuts against the lug Z, which is movable in a recess, Z', in the box.

8. In cultivators, the box Y, containing a spring, Y', whose inner end abuts against a lug, Z, on the arm It, movable in a horizontal pat-h by any obstruction encountered in the recess Z' in the box, and having a slotted segmental iiange, Y", in combination with angleiron XV, plate E, bolt D, sheths B'B", arm R, bolts 'l T', and axle X.

9. The combination, in a cultivator, of the shield-wheel O, perforated at U,'having unequal radial ilanges I3 P', terminating in a common circle concentric with the circumference of the wheel, washer X', disks S S', arm It, having rounded terminal disks R' R', diamond-shaped in cross-section for purposes of strength, and a lug, Z, at its upper end capable of altering its vertical plane in a horizontal recess, Z', nut S", spindle X, with box Y, containing spring Y', and having a segmental slotted flange, Y", radiating therefrom, angleiron YV, perforated for theinsertion of bolt D, and slotted for the variable location of bolts T T', substantially as herein shown and dei2 scribed.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I aliix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

IZO

AUi

EDGAR B. JACKSON.

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